A-level · June 2023 · Paper 2

The National and Global Economy

100 marks19 questionsExam date 22 May 2023

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19 total
4 marks
ContextIn September 2022 the Bank of England increased the base interest rate from 1.75% to 2.25%.

Draw an aggregate demand and aggregate supply diagram to illustrate the likely impact of an increase in the UK base interest rate on the average price level and real output.

Diagram needed. Open the original question paper for the diagram

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ContextIn September 2022 the Bank of England increased the base interest rate from 1.75% to 2.25%.

Which one of the following is the most likely impact of an increase in the base interest rate?

Alevel of demand pull inflation
Bmarginal propensity to save
Crate of cyclical unemployment
Dvalue of the pound against the dollar

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ContextUK unemployment rate (%), December 2020 – June …

With reference to the chart, which one of the following is true?

Afell by 1.4% between December 2020 and April 2022
Bfell by one percentage point between February 2021 and December 2021
Cwas highest in March 2022 and lowest in December 2020
Dwill continue to rise but at a slower rate

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4 marks
ContextUK unemployment rate (%), December 2020 – June …

With reference to the chart on the previous page, explain one likely reason for the change in the UK’s rate of unemployment.

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2 marks
ContextUK real GDP, 2020–2022 Annual percentage change on Total (£ millions) previous year …

Explain one likely cost of UK real GDP falling by 9.9% in 2020.

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ContextUK real GDP, 2020–2022 Annual percentage change on Total (£ millions) previous year …

Which one of the following is most likely to lead to an increase in potential economic growth?

Aconsumption
Bcosts of raw materials and energy
Cincome tax
Dtechnological advances

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ContextUK consumption, % of GDP …

Which one of the following is an example of consumption?

AConstruction of a new cycle lane
BExpansion of Heathrow Airport
CNew school buildings
DPurchase of new clothes

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4 marks
ContextUK consumption, % of GDP …

With reference to the chart on the previous page, explain the likely effect of a fall in the marginal propensity to consume on the level of real GDP. Refer to the multiplier in your answer.

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2 marks
ContextIn 2021, the US total GDP was $23 trillion and national debt was $28.4 trillion. and …

Explain the relationship between a fiscal deficit and the national debt.

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ContextIn 2021, the US total GDP was $23 trillion and national debt was $28.4 trillion. and …

Which one of the following is the most likely consequence of an increase in the US national debt?

Acrowding out
Binequality
Cpoverty
Dunemployment

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5 marks

Case study · Trade and development in Africa

With reference to Extract A, explain what is meant by a ‘regional trade agreement’ (Extract A, line 7).

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8 marks

Case study · Trade and development in Africa

With reference to Extract A, examine two causes of the high cost of transporting goods between African countries.

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12 marks

Case study · Trade and development in Africa

Discuss the impact of improved transport links between African countries on economic growth rates.

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10 marks

Case study · Trade and development in Africa

Assess two likely benefits of debt relief to Angola. Refer to Extract B in your answer.

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15 marks

Case study · Trade and development in Africa

Discuss market-orientated strategies the Angolan government could use to improve development.

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Optional25 marks
ContextIn 2022 the value of UK exports fell by 14% compared with 2020. In contrast, the global average increase in exports was 8.2% over the same time period. The UK’s competitiveness also fell, dropping five places from 18th in 2021 to 23rd in 2022 in the world competitiveness rankings.

Evaluate macroeconomic policies that could be used to increase international competitiveness in the UK’s export markets.

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Optional25 marks
ContextUK inflation, as measured by the CPI, rose to 10.1% in the 12 months to July 2022, compared to 2.0% in the 12 months to July 2021.

Evaluate macroeconomic policies, apart from monetary policy, the UK government could use to reduce inflation.

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Question text © Pearson Edexcel, quoted for students' private study. Open the official papers and mark schemes from the links on each question.