Specification point 3.3.2 · Theme 3

Costs

Revenues, costs and profits · Business behaviour and the labour market

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Questions tagged to this specification point

14 questions

Essay questions

Long-form evaluation and discussion

1
Optional25 marks
ContextA small hotel in Scarborough has seen its energy bills increase from £2 000 to £8 000 per month. Small businesses do not have the energy management teams of larger companies to negotiate better deals.

Evaluate the microeconomic effects of rising energy bills on the hotel industry or an industry of your choice.

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Data-response questions

Questions built around exam extracts

5
12 marks

Case study · The UK economy

Discuss the likely impact of a rise in gas prices on a firm that uses a large amount of gas in its production process. Use a cost and revenue diagram to support your answer.

Diagram needed. Open the original question paper for the diagram

12 marks

Case study · UK branded coffee shop chains market

Using a cost and revenue diagram, discuss the likely impact of ‘rising costs’ for coffee shops on their profitability (Extract A, line 2).

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12 marks

Case study · The German economy

Discuss the likely impact of investment in new technology on the profitability of firms in Germany, as described in Extract C line 20. Use a cost and revenue diagram to support your answer.

Diagram needed. Open the original question paper for the diagram

12 marks

Case study · The UK economy

Discuss factors that are causing many high street retailers in the UK to close some branches or shut down completely. Use a cost and revenue diagram to support your answer.

Diagram needed. Open the original question paper for the diagram

8 marks

Case study · Indonesia

Examine the likely effects on the profitability of Indonesian rice farmers of the government’s increased investment in dams (Extract E, lines 43-48). Use a cost and revenue diagram to support your answer.

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Short-answer questions

Focused calculations, explanations and diagrams

6
4 marks
ContextThe diagram shows the cost and revenue curves for a pizza in a popular high street restaurant. The restaurant currently pursues an objective of revenue maximisation.

Calculate the change in total supernormal profit if the restaurant changes its objective from revenue maximisation to profit maximisation. You are advised to show your working.

2 marks
ContextPatrick Street Productions produces musicals. Its latest production is ‘It’s a Wonderful Life’ and the total cost of this production is $200 000. The ticket price is $40. The theatre has a capacity of 300 seats. The company aims for revenue maximisation. If this is achieved, revenue from ticket sales will cover 30% of total costs. Charitable donations contribute 12.5% towards total cost and a government subsidy ensures the production covers all of its costs.

Calculate the value of the government subsidy necessary for this production to cover all of its costs.

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2 marks
ContextThe following illustrates the daily average cost curve for a doughnut producer: Costs (£) Average Cost 0 Z Output …

Explain what happens to total cost at output levels greater than Z.

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2 marks
ContextThe following illustrates the daily average cost curve for a doughnut producer: Costs (£) Average Cost 0 Z Output …

For a luxury doughnut producer the average selling price is £2. The average variable cost is 40% of the selling price and its fixed cost per day is £300. Calculate total costs per day assuming it produces 400 doughnuts per day.

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4 marks
ContextIn 2016, the insurance group Esure undertook a demerger with its GoCompare price comparison website.

Calculate, using the information provided, the total costs of GoCompare in 2016.

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2 marks
ContextFigure 1 shows the distribution of the revenue received from the sale of a Starbucks cappuccino drink priced at £2.27 in 2015. Figure 1 Coffee 4% Milk 4% Packaging 8% Rent/rates 15% Admin/ overheads 15% Labour 24% VAT 17% Profit 13% …

Explain the difference between fixed costs and variable costs.

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Multiple-choice questions

Quick checks of economic understanding

2
ContextThe following illustrates the daily average cost curve for a doughnut producer: Costs (£) Average Cost 0 Z Output …

At output levels greater than Z, which one of the following correctly identifies what will happen to the cost?

AFalls Falls Rises
BFalls Rises Rises
CRises Rises Falls
DRises Rises Rises

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ContextFigure 1 shows the distribution of the revenue received from the sale of a Starbucks cappuccino drink priced at £2.27 in 2015. Figure 1 Coffee 4% Milk 4% Packaging 8% Rent/rates 15% Admin/ overheads 15% Labour 24% VAT 17% Profit 13% …

Which one of the following is a fixed cost to Starbucks?

ACoffee
BMilk
CPackaging
DRent

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